Common Names:
Delphinium
Larkspur (often used interchangeably, though technically a related genus)
Scientific Name:
Delphinium spp.
Family & Genus:
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Delphinium
Description:
Delphiniums are known for their tall spires of densely packed, showy flowers that bloom in shades of blue, purple, pink, white, and occasionally yellow. The flowers have a characteristic spur at the back, giving them their unique shape. Delphiniums can grow up to 6 feet tall, with deeply lobed green leaves at the base. Their vibrant, vertical blooms make them a favorite in cottage gardens and as striking focal points in floral arrangements.
Habitat & Origin:
Native to the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in mountainous regions of North America, Europe, and Asia, Delphiniums thrive in cool climates. They prefer well-drained soil enriched with organic matter and require full sun for optimal growth. However, they are sensitive to heat and wind, often needing staking for support.
Symbolism & Meaning:
Positivity and Cheer: Their bright colors and towering presence symbolize joy and encouragement.
Dignity and Grace: Delphiniums often represent an open heart and a dignified nature.
Protection and Goodwill: Historically, they were believed to ward off evil spirits.
Birth Flower of July: Delphiniums are associated with July, symbolizing lightheartedness and levity.
Uses:
Ornamental: Delphiniums are popular in gardens for their height and vibrant colors, often planted in borders or as backdrops.
Cut Flowers: Their tall spikes make them a favorite for bouquets, centerpieces, and event decor.
Wildlife Attractant: They are highly attractive to pollinators like bees and butterflies.
Flower Care:
To enjoy delphiniums as cut flowers:
Harvest when about 75% of the blooms on a spike are open.
Place in clean water with a floral preservative.
Recut stems daily to maintain hydration.
Flowering Season:
Delphiniums bloom in early to mid-summer, with some varieties offering a second bloom in late summer or early fall if deadheaded properly.
Varieties & Hybrids:
Belladonna Group: Features loose, branching spikes of flowers, often in shades of blue.
Elatum Group: Includes tall hybrids with densely packed spires of large blooms.
Pacific Giants: Known for their impressive height and vibrant colors, often used in cut flower production.
Dwarf Delphiniums: Compact varieties suitable for small gardens and containers.
Interesting Facts:
The name “Delphinium” comes from the Greek word delphis (dolphin), referencing the flower’s dolphin-shaped buds.
Despite their beauty, delphiniums are toxic to humans and animals if ingested.
They were historically used to make blue dye.
In folklore, delphiniums were believed to protect against scorpions and venomous creatures.